Wwvb radio controlled clocks code#
The time code format has changed only slightly since 1965 it uses a scheme known as binary coded decimal (BCD), which uses four binary digits (bits) to send one decimal number. This made it possible for radio clocks to be designed that could decode the signal, recover the time, and automatically set themselves. WWVL had a relatively short life span, going off the air in July 1972, but WWVB went on to become a permanent part of the nation's infrastructure.Ī time code was added to WWVB on July 1, 1965. WWVL began transmitting a 500 W signal (later increased to 2 kW) on 20 kHz the following month. This was later increased to 7 kW and then 13 kW, where it remained until December 1997. WWVB went on the air on July 5, 1963, broadcasting a 5 kW signal on 60 kHz. The increased distance from the mountains made it a better choice for broadcasting an omni-directional signal. It was also reasonably close to Boulder (about 80 km, 49.3 mi), which made it easy to staff and manage, but much farther away from the mountains. The site was attractive for several reasons, one being its exceptionally high ground conductivity, which was due to the high alkalinity of the soil. In 1962, NBS began building a new facility on a site north of Fort Collins, Colorado that would later also become the home of WWV. Perhaps not coincidentally, his initials were W. Brown, one of the designers of the Fort Collins station, was employed as a contractor by NBS when the call sign application was submitted. However, one interesting theory is that the "B" could stand for Brown. The "B" in the call sign probably stands for Boulder, the site of the original transmitter. In March 1960, the call sign WWVB was obtained by NBS for the 60 kHz station. It was originally planned to use the 20 kHz for worldwide coverage, and the 60 kHz broadcast for coverage of the United States. The success of the 60 kHz broadcast led to the construction of a very low frequency (VLF) radio station named WWVL, which began operation from Sunset, Colorado in April 1960 using a carrier frequency of 20 kHz. Data recorded in January 1957 showed that the frequency of the broadcast was within a few parts in 10 10 of the national standard located in the adjacent Boulder laboratory, proving (as expected) that a LF transmission was far more stable than the signals from WWV and WWVH. The effective radiated power (ERP) was originally said to be 40 W, but later reduced to 1.4 W. The continuous wave 60 kHz signal was not modulated, except for a call sign ID that was sent every 20 minutes. This experimental station was operated from 1530 to 2000 hours universal time each working day from Boulder, Colorado. WWVB began operation as radio station KK2XEI in July 1956.
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